Censorship in Literature and Why We Need to Get Rid of It

Harry Potter. The Giver. To Kill A Mockingbird. And Tango Makes Three. Of Mice And Men. The Witches. The list goes on forever. These are all books that have been banned for profanity, references to the occult and witchcraft, references to drugs and alcohol, and many other reasons. Censorship could have started as early as 339 BCE in Rome, when Socrates, a renowned Greek Philosopher, was sentenced to drink poison for his corruption of youth and his acknowledgement of unorthodox divinities (Newth 1). This was what modern censorship evolved from, the punishments becoming less and less severe from the poison drinking. Censorship is the act of limiting access and knowledge of ideas and materials, enforced by a higher official. Censorship should not be a concept used in society due to lack of civil rights, limited knowledge, and how censorship affects everyone. Our civil rights are our rights to political and social equality. Some examples of civil rights are our right to vote at the age of 18, freedom from involuntary servitude, and freedom of speech, press and assembly (US Legal). Censorship deals with the freedom of choice, specifically freedom of choice of literature. American Library Association’s President Roberta Stevens says that â€Å"not every book is right for each reader, but we should have the right to think for ourselves and allow others to do the same† (Book Banning Alive And Well In the U.S. 1). An unexpurgated world would be better than this one, as it allows for theShow MoreRelatedIgnorance is Fatal Essays1069 Words   |  5 PagesIgnorance is Fatal The short story Usher II uses themes of irony and vengeance, as well as, classic literature to explore the consequence of blind censorship. Usher II is featured in The Martian Chronicles, Ray Bradburys best known work and in many ways his finest achievement (Mogen 82). In The Martian Chronicles, Usher II takes place several years after the colonization of Mars has begun and humans almost have a complete societyRead MoreBook Report On The Book Thief2036 Words   |  9 Pagesreader get an insight view on the events of World War II from a new perspective. The act of book burnings, especially those done in World War II, have been done to destroy undesirable ideas, and to show what a regime stands for (Henley 1). This is widely shown in The Book Thief, as the novel shows Liesel Meminger, a young girl who becomes fascinated with books and literature and begins stealing banned books from burnings and libraries. Throughout the novel she starts to question as to why these burningsRead MoreTh e Enlightenment of the 17th and 18th Century Essay1186 Words   |  5 Pagessame intellectual interests. Believing in and fighting for the same common goal held the Philosophes together. One of the goals they were striving for was to get rid of erroneous views of thought, such as religion. They also doubted the perfectibility of human beings. Philosophes questioned everything and wanted direct answers, which is why a lot of them were great thinkers and scientists. Greatly influenced by the discoveries and thinking of the Scientific Revolution, they were always looking forRead MoreThe Effects on Media Violence Essay1874 Words   |  8 Pagesevidence that media violence does cause increased violent tendencies, desensitization, and antisocial behavior – which is the same as sociopathic and psychopathic behavior, it does not mean introverted. Understanding this, I want to make it clear that censorship should not be the solution. I believe that artists should be able to make and produce the content they want to and they should not be limited in what they can do because it is the easiest solution. I want to find out just how damaging media violenceRead MoreMovie Analysis : Cat Walk Across The Country 2040 Words   |  9 Pagesto the â€Å"reclaiming† of words such as queer, or â€Å"slut† that was used in the â€Å"SlutWalk† protests a couple years ago. The assumption is these changes in language have an effect on the political change, and the ends up changing the material world. We have had a discussion before on the definition of queer and summarized it as being strange, different, an umbrella term in which a person does not fit into the normative society. This term can include includes people who want to identify as queer andRead MoreEssay The Myopia of Dystopia3805 Words   |  16 Pagesutopia, humankind plunges into dystopia though mass cloning which ultimately destroys humanity. In Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451, the controllers of this world try to achieve utopia but in turn reach dystopia were knowledge is gone, due to their censorship of information. In George Orwells 1984, achieves dystopia by an inner party within government who strive for domination by controlling love and the individual mind. In Once and Future King, T.H. White creates a utopian world where the idea of equalityRead MoreConflicting Depictions of Female Characters in Mahfouz’s 1966 Novel Adrift on the Nile and Hussein Kamal’s 1971 Film Adaptation2040 Words   |  9 Pagesundoubtedly notice the stark contrast between the portrayals of women in each of these works. Critics like Ibrahim El- Sheikh and Pamela Allegretto–Diiulio have argued that by realistically depicting the social condition of Egyptian women, Mahfouz’s literature is protesting the country’s patriarchal society and challenging the notion that women are not equal to men. The novel is clearly in line with these criticisms. The women in the novel are depicted as strong, independent, intellectual and on an equalRead MoreThe Shroud: Premchand3324 Words   |  14 Pagesirritably, â€Å"If she’s going to die, why doesn’t she do it quickly? What’s the point of taking a look?† â€Å"You’re pretty harsh. You’ve had a good time with her all year, and now? Such callousness?† â€Å"Well, I can’t stand to see her suffer and throw herself about like this.† This clan of cobblers was notorious in the village. If Ghisu worked a day, he would rest for three. Madhav was such a shirker that if he worked for half an hour, he’d smoke dope for one. Which was why they were never hired. If thereRead MorePopular Culture and Violent Behavior Essay11795 Words   |  48 Pageschosen to study popular culture and its influence on violent behaviour, because, as is stated in its definition, popular culture is, accessible to everyone. These hugely accessible forms of media influence all of us, everyday, wherever we go. My keen interest in all of these forms of media immediately drew me to the subject; television, film and music are major influences not only in my life but in the lives of teenagers across Western Europe, Australasia, Developed AsiaRead MoreComparative Government6816 Words   |  28 PagesWestern Slavic Religion: Catholic (important part of national identity) Ethnical Minorities: German, Ukraine, Belorussian (small and not important) Often divided (Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary) Is called state of wheels always moving We are Poles because we are not Russian, not German religion became very important for their identification. Day 2 Post-Yugoslavia states Tito managed to unify Yugoslavia after WWII and to keep it independent from Russia. self-managed socialism (market orientation)

Are Equal Education For All - 1215 Words

Equal education for all does not always mean the same education for all. The successes of each individual student gravely depend on their unique strengths and weaknesses. A student who is learning disabled or suffering from autism will not meet all of the same successes the same way as a typically developing elementary, middle, or high school peer. In 1992 the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was reauthorized, â€Å"further strengthening the rights of individuals with disabilities to access electronic and information technologies.† In addition to this reauthorization, which was first set to prohibit discrimination of persons with disabilities, the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) and The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975/Individuals with Disabilities Education Act have been further reauthorized in recent years to allow educational successes for individuals suffering with disabilities through Individualized Education Plans (IEP) and the use of assistive technologies. The term assistive technology, extremely broad in its nature, is done so on purpose. According to the U.S. Department of Education website, quoting IDEA (2004), assistive technology is defined in two parts, (A) In general.--The term `assistive technology device means any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of aShow MoreRelatedEssay about Equal Education for All2154 Words   |  9 PagesEqual Education For All Education has always been a part of the American culture. In the earliest years of being a nation, many people realized how important education was to a free society. Thomas Jefferson, especially, believed that â€Å"a continuous system of public education was the primary requisite of a free nation† (Rippa, 1993, p. 545). However, public education was not popularized until the 1830’s when a financial hardship hit the United States and caused people to look for reform in educationRead MoreEqual Education for all Class Societies Essay2956 Words   |  12 Pages Education is defined as the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge or skills, as for a profession. Children, teens, and young adults who live in lower class societies do not receive the same education as middle and upper class societies. With this gap, more students in areas of poverty in the United States are not obtaining the correct education they need. In today’s day and age, it is crucial to graduate high school and acquire a college degree for a well-paid job. Not gettingRead MoreEssay on All Students Deserve an Equal Opportunity Education2912 Words   |  12 Pagesdisabilities are met in all aspects of vocational education, training and services offered by the NSW TAFE Commission, and that all students have equal education opportunities in the least intrusive and most advantageous learning environments. The selected policy specifically seeks to address the provision of services available to students with disabilities who are seeking to or undertaking studies at TAFE. As will be shown the TAFE NSW Policy is derived from the fundamental right of all individuals to anRead MoreBrown vs. Board of Education Essay1308 Words   |  6 PagesBrown v. Board of Education The case of brown v. board of education was one of the biggest turning points for African Americans to becoming accepted into white society at the time. Brown vs. Board of education to this day remains one of, if not the most important cases that African Americans have brought to the surface for the better of the United States. Brown v. Board of Education was not simply about children and education (Silent Covenants pg 11); it was about being equal in a society thatRead MoreBrown V. The Board Of Education1136 Words   |  5 PagesBrown v. The Board of Education Topeka, Kansas, 1950, a young African-American girl named Linda Brown had to walk a mile to get to her school, crossing a railroad switchyard. She lived seven blocks from an all white school. Linda’s father, Oliver, tried to enroll her into the all white school. The school denied her because of the color of her skin. Segregation was widespread throughout our nation. Blacks believed that the â€Å"separate but equal† saying was false. They felt that whites had more educationalRead MoreCivil Right734 Words   |  3 Pagesa colored school, while she lived about seven block away from an all-white school. This commanded the awakening of a nation to combat segregation. According to the book â€Å"American Government roots and reform†, explains that Brown v. Board of education (1954) case consisted on the U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that school segregation is inherently unconstitutional because it violates the fourteen Amendment ‘s that guarantee equal pr otection.† This shows that African American kids were discriminatedRead MoreBrown V. Board Of Education1294 Words   |  6 PagesGovernment Vidrio 5 May 2017 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court cases are cases in which their is so much controversy in the case that it needs to be handled by the Supreme Court of the United States or SCOTUS. Brown v. The Board of Education is a very intrical part of our United States history. This Supreme Court case desegregated public schools in the United States in 1954. The case involved saying no to African American children equal rights to state public schools due to the lawsRead MoreAnalysis Of Malala Yousafzai Speech835 Words   |  4 PagesMalala Yousafzais speech at the UN education conference was captivating in its focus on such modern topics. She talks about things like equal education, the treatment of women in underdeveloped countries, and the effect extremist beliefs have on these topics. At a young age, Malala Yousafzai became a symbol of hope for females in under developed and third-world countries. As an advocate for equal education she was shot in the head by the Taliban (an extremist group/terrorists), yet she miraculouslyRead MoreThe Case Of Plessy V. Ferguson1072 Words   |  5 PagesFerguson and Brown V. Bored of Education, the Fourteenth Amendment was argued. The outcome of these two court cases effected African Americans and their fight against segregation. These two court case are similar in their fight for a cause because they challenged the meaning of the same law, but different in their outcome. The precedent â€Å"separate but equal† comes from the case Plessy v. Ferguson. This case had a big effect on America. The term â€Å"separate but equal† means that segregation was legalRead MorePlessy V. Ferguson And Brown V Board Of Education1359 Words   |  6 PagesMaximiliano Sanchez Victoria Professor Linda Holt Comprehensive Law Studies 3 October 2017 Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education Picture this: a world with no color. Would racism still exist? Or would people be discriminated based on other things such as height, weight, or the sound of their voice? We may never know the answer to these questions. Racism is still alive in the United States, but it is not as severe and oppressive as it was during the era of the Jim Crow laws. The 13th

Negotiating Advantages Change Management - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Negotiating Advantages Change Management? Answer: Introduction The report is the discussing about the product and food safety. Food safety had become the crucial issues prevailing within the environment. It is deteriorating the health of the people and becoming the cause of various dangerous injuries and health problems. To analyse the problem closely first of all the issues related to food safety have been discussed keeping in mind the specific issue of botulism. In the basic issue the key competitor of the food safety product was analysed along with the advantages and disadvantages based on the weakness and strength of the product. Thereafter the leadership skills and styles were briefly discussed and the suitable leadership theory and style has been selected and the investigation has been made. The third evaluation was in the context of a small case study of Fonterra. The case study was based on the change management model and the change model was chosen to explain the things in better way. Lastly, the qualified bidders list was learnt and po licies were examined to know the factors responsible to get enrolled in The QBL. The entire focus was on the changing scenario of Fonterra and how the human safety has been paid attention. The measures were suggested to improve the situation of health and hygiene in the organisation so that overall development takes place. Based on issue Food safety is the serious and emerging issue prevailing around the world. There are numerous diseases that are up-coming due to lack of food safety and changing food habits of the people. In order to protect people from these hazardous problems and taking steps towards its improvisation is the complex activity. Certain specific issues associated with the product and food safety are botulism, pasture nitrate inhibitor and small pieces of unrecovered plastic on the processing equipment (Food safety, 2017). The basic issue that occurred was the botulism contamination scare in New Zealand by Fonterra. The issue reported was that the company violated four food safety rules and norms. One of them was the recalling of 38t of whey protein. On testing the issues further, results that came up were that the allegation was false. As discussed the 4 issues have been analysed which argues that there was the use of non-standard equipment, the export of contaminated product was taking place, the regulators were not informed about the occurring of discrepancies and even the government was unaware of the fact that contamination has been taking place. Strengths The distribution channel and sales network is strong of Fonterra. The government supported the research and development industry. The profitability and revenue is high and is one of the experienced units. The workforce at Fonterra is highly skilled. Weaknesses The business unit is small. Financial capacity of the company is low. The access towards the capital is less as compared to the supply. The market integration is lacking due to the limited knowledge of in-market value. Advantages and Disadvantages The advantages connected with the particular food safety industry in New Zealand Fonterra industry have developed the healthy perception in the mind of consumers. The by-products of Fonterra have been used wisely thereby creating its own value. The supply chain technology has also been initiated and improvised. The disadvantages attached with the food safety industry are the continuous decline in the wild capture. The not in my backyard (NIMBY) attitude limits the activity of the industries. The fresh exports are curbing due to the reduced cost of airfreight resulting in the lack of feasibility. Leadership theory and style The leadership is the impact of superior over their subordinate and they direct their working and guide the employees to bring about the improvisation in their working and enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of working. According to Warren Bennis, leadership is the effort that is made to convert the vision into reality (Antonakis, 2017). It could be best illustrated from the below figure: Leadership theory and style There are 6 leadership theory and style that assists in wisely making the decisions related to the Fonterra. The 6 theories and style are briefly investigated as under: Trait: The traits are inbuilt within the human from the time they are born. They are the instinct and the quality prevailing within them which gets better and exclusive by undergoing the better leadership study. The 5 major traits involved within the human are- intelligence, self-confidence, integrity, sociability and determination. Participative: The participative theory is also quoted as the democratic and power sharing theory. In it the limited power is delegated to the subordinate so that they could undertake certain decisions freely. There are 3 styles of participative leadership- autocratic, democratic and laissez faire. Situational: The situational leaders are those that adjust according to the current or upcoming situations. They are the one that rapidly adopt the dynamic situations and carry the contingency approach. The styles of situational leadership are- selling, telling, participating and delegating. Transactional: The military style leadership is concentrated where the scalar chain is followed. People are motivated in positive as well as negative manner through rewards and punishments. Transformational: The focus is on supporting the staff by accomplishing the vision. The leader sets the high goals and dictates the benchmarks to the staff to gain the dual development simultaneously. Path-goal: It is about the manner in which the leader supports and encourages the staff to perform better in order to accomplish the goals. The aim of the superior is to build up healthy relationship between the employer and the The style of path-goal theory is directive, supportive, participative and achievement-oriented (Frankel PGCMS, 2017). Specific leadership theory and style For Fonterra the situational leadership have been selected which was introduced by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey. As discussed earlier it is the leadership style where the leader immediately accepts the situation and act accordingly. They handle the situation in a well manner and convert it into the opportunity or at least deal with the situation in such a manner that loss is not been faced by the organisation. The styles of situational leadership will be elucidated briefly with the help of examples: Telling: It could be termed as the micro management. Considering the example of Fonterra products the manager and owner of the company directs the value and nutritional level to be maintained by the employees (Anthony, 2017). Selling: This is meant for the fresher who are still under the process of learning. It seems like the coaching where the employees are made learn about the day to day activities. Participative: It is opted for the sake to analyse the leadership quality of the staff and pick up the point where the person is lacking and focus is paid upon this idea to improve the skills. Delegating: The decision making skills are been tested. After delegating the authority the leader does not bother about the working but the feedback is rendered by him and monitoring is made to note the point where employees are lacking. This could be linked with the Fonterra products where balancing the standards and nutrition is delegated to employees and their decision making is scrutinized (North house, 2015). Change management model The change management model could be better understood with the help of a case study which involve the model of change management. The limitations are also quoted to clarify the model and helps in improving the Food safety issue (Son, 2017). Fonterra is a global dairy which supplies the nutrition throughout the world. The company owns around 10,500 farmers along with the families they own. They believe in the power of diary and nutrition to change the scenario and bring the difference. It is leading dairy in the New Zealand. The company faced the issue in context of the quality of products and the results showed contamination in the dairy products and whey protein concentrate. China and Russia banned the supply of Fonterra along with Malaysia, Vietnam and Sri Lanka. The research have been made and the results stated that out of hundred strains of Clostridium the maximum portion was proved to be healthy and harmless only a few products revealed the involvement of contamination which is likely to cause Botulism which is a life threating disease. But now the search has been made and affected products are identified and recalled and in the other session of processing the bacteria causing the harm has been destroyed. This sce nario highly affected the financial status of the company but it is taking its own way to pave the way towards success. The change management model involves the 3 attributes: Unfreeze- Change- Refreeze. Considering the above case study the Change model has been used which quotes upon the solution of the uncertainty and finding out new ways to perform things and coming up in the lime light once again. With the gradual changes people again start to believe in the quality of product and supports the new method adopted by the company (Mind tools, 2017). The shortcoming faced with the change model: The cultural differences might occur which the other people may not understand. Awareness may not get spreads in equal proportion which might result in the lack of knowledge among the people. A bad change will depict a negative portray of the company which will be harmful for the organisation and countrys reputation (Faucheux, 2017). Quadruple Bottom Line (QBL) The prime responsibility of QBL is to focus on the economic development of the country. The competitiveness is promoted so that profit maximisation could be made for the progress of the nation in the economic term. In the context of the corporate governance the promotion of economic enterprises are its prime responsibility. The quadruple bottom line includes the 4Ps i.e. people, profit, planet and progress and it provides the base for comprehensive framework in order to develop the sustainable prosperity. In context of Fonterra the quadruple bottom line could be explained as under: People: The people are related to the quality of life, now a day people are quality conscious and focuses on the health, wellbeing and flourishing. Therefore the nutrition level and packaging should be done in an effective manner. Fonterra need to maintain its value and concentrate on the fact that not more contaminated bacteria are been supplied to the people. The standard of living has been increased and people are ready to pay for the quality but not to compromise in any case. Profit: The profit in the quadruple bottom line depicts the competitive productivity. The competitive productivity is used of producing the products and services and also distributing the stuff for the consumption and raising the profit thorough the scarce resources. Fonterra in order to increase the profit used whey protein and dairy products but the strains of contaminants causing the botulism highly affected the progress of company. The reputation of company along with country was at risk and it became the prime responsibility of the company to regain the lost fame by incorporating efforts to make a comeback with the variety of nutritional and healthy products and assuring the people about the quality. Planet: The planet refers to the ecosystem and sustainability of the resources. It signifies the social obligation of the organisation towards the community in which they are working. Considering Fonterra the social obligation was broken up due to the spotted strains of clostridium which cause heavy illness and life snatching diseases. On verifying the major portion was found safe but still in the minor portion the contamination was spread. Measures were taken to curb the further production but at once the social obligation was not fulfilled. Earlier Fonterra was one of the top supplier of dairy products because of its quality and retention of nutritional value. Progress: Progress depicts the innovation techniques adopted by the company. It is the point of risk that Fonterra has to take in order to attain the previous reputation and gain back the trust of public with the product and its quality. The new products with high nutritional value and complete check should be launched to achieve the premier position once again (Cambridge leadership development, 2017). Conclusion From the above report it could be concluded that food safety is the major and widely growing issues and dangerous diseases are occurring due to lack of hygiene. The basic issues have been discussed which focuses on the specific issues of botulism caused by the use of Fonterra products. The 3M solution has been briefly discussed along with the strengths and weakness of MPI in relation to the seafood safety. The advantages and disadvantages of MPI safety are investigated. Thereafter the leadership theory and styles are elucidated and the best suiting leadership theory i.e. situational theory and its selling, telling, participative and delegating styles are described. The change management within the food safety has been considered and the case study related to Fonterra is focussed and change model has been linked with it. Lastly, the QBL listing has been briefly discusses along with the certain policies that have to be kept in mind if the company has to get involved in quality bidders list. References 3mnz. (2017). Food safety. Viewed on 4th October 2017. https://www.3mnz.co.nz/3M/en_NZ/food-safety-nz/. Anderson. L. A. (2016). How leadership behaviour affects team members and beyond. Viewed on 6th October 2017. https://blog.beingfirst.com/how-leadership-behavior-affects-team-members-and-beyond. Anthony. L. (2017). Define situational leadership. Viewed on 6th October 2017. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/define-situational-leadership-2976.html. Antonakis, J. (2017).The nature of leadership. Sage publications. Cambridge leadership development. (2017). Quadruple bottom line for sustainable prosperity. Viewed on 10th October 2017. https://cambridgeleadershipdevelopment.com/quadruple-bottom-line-for-sustainable-prosperity/. Food safety. (2017). New Zealand food legislation. Viewed on 4th October 2017. https://www.foodsafety.govt.nz/policy-law/food-regulation/nz-food-legislation/. Faucheux. M. (2017). Negotiating the advantages and disadvantages of change management. viewed on 7th October 2017. https://www.brighthubpm.com/change-management/18477-negotiating-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-change-management/. Frankel, A., PGCMS, R. (2017). What leadership styles should senior nurses develop?Clinical research,4, 24. Mbie. (2017). The investors guide to the New Zealand seafood industry 2017. Viewed on 5th October 2017. https://www.mbie.govt.nz/info-services/sectors-industries/food-beverage/documents-image-library/folder-2017-investors-guides/investors-guide-to-the-new-zealand-seafood-industry-2017.pdf. Mind Tools. (2017). Lewins change management model. Viewed on 7th October 2017. https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_94.htm. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Quick base. (2012). Three types of change management models. Viewed on 5th October 2017. https://www.quickbase.com/blog/three-types-of-change-management-models. Son. S. (2017). 5 case studies about successful change management. viewed on 5th October 2017. https://www.tinypulse.com/blog/sk-case-studies-successful-change-management.

Islam and the Quran

Introduction We live in a world with a plethora of religions. However, there is no doubt that religions play a significant role in the lives of people. Even those who do not subscribe to the tenets of any religion, at least they have something to say about religion. There are three major religions in the globe, which are Christianity, Judaism and Islam.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Islam and the Qur’an specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Each of these three religions has its own history that dates back very many centuries ago. Interestingly, people subscribing to the teachings of these religions have one thing in common: they believe in one God. The paper mainly dwells on Islam as a religion, and the views of Muslim worshippers about the world. The word Islam comes from the Arabic language and it simply means submission. In other words, those following the religion have to submit to certain powers—G od. Those who subscribe to the teachings of Islam are Muslims and they always submit themselves to God. It is also important to note that even Christians and Jews refer the one they submit to as God. Just like Christians and Jews, the Muslims also believe God created the universe and all that harbors in it. They all consider God as all-powerful and only Him that every creature should bow down to worship. This meticulous monotheism together with the teachings of these three major religions provides the foundation of having a common loyalty to God, and it surpasses race, group, ethnic group, and even different religious views. In other words, people of the same religion belong to one community irrespective of their ethnic background, color, nationality or tribe. Revelation of the Qur’an to Prophet Muhammad We cannot talk of Islam minus mentioning Prophet Muhammad. The historical accounts as mentioned in Hadith and other companions, starts by revealing the identity of Prophet Mo hammad. These stories depict that at 40 years of age, Muhammad devoted much of his time doing solemn prayers and trying to unravel the facets of creation. Islamic experts believe that Muhammad was a man of concern especially by what was going on in the world such as injustice, pervasive bigotry, tribal animosities, corruption, social unrest and many more. He therefore chose to intercede to God on behalf of the people. Muhammad could go up the mountains, or in serene places and mull over in seclusion. However, Muhammad never deserted his family, as he would join them later. In other words, he did not choose asceticism or monasticism, but instead, he choose to perform what he thought was right. In fact, if he went for many days up the mountain without returning soon, his wife, Khadija, would take him food and water.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sometimes, he invited those le aving by the mountainside to share the food with him. According to Muslim scholars, the revelation of Qur’an to Prophet Mohammad was not a once event. The scholars go on to say that, anger Gabriel visited Prophet Mohammad and show him a verse inside the Qur’an, and that is how it started (Dermenghem 183). It is now over 1400 years ago since God (Allah) revealed the Qur’an to Prophet Mohammad. Just like the Christian Bible, the Qur’an is one of books that people read most. The Muslim scholars, some who were the architects of the Gregorian calendar, believe that Allah revealed the Qur’an to Prophet Muhammad on august 10, 610. Since the revelation of the Qur’an, Muslims from different backgrounds have always liked the book and they strongly believe it came from God. In fact, the love for the book is enormous making them to recite even some sections or verses in it. They have even gone ahead and can recite some quotes and some have even mastered the art of pursuing them in studies. Interestingly, historical scholars and other interested researchers have found it easy to ascertain the authenticity of the Qur’an. However, unlike the Bible, the Qur’an still uses the primary Arabic language making it even more authentic. As an example, I refer to the Qur’an in order to corroborate the idea of this revelation: Ramadan has always been the period when Islamic followers participate in fasting and helping the disadvantaged. Since this is the time of solemn prayer, Allah showed Laylat al-Qadr some parts of the Qur’an. While in prayer, angel Gabriel informed Mohammad that he had to read it, but Mohammad could not read. But after several trials, Mohammad read it (Quran 96.15). It is important to note that Allah revealed the Qur’an to Prophet Muhammad on several but different occasions. In fact, according to Islamic scholars, the revelation of the Qur’an took over 23 years characterizes by eith er Part by Part, or the entire chapter, or sometimes sections of a chapter. Comprising of 114 chapters and over 6,000 quotes, at least all Muslims enjoy reading the book with zeal and determination. Out of the 23 years, there are two sections: one comprising of the first 15 years that Muslims refer as Mecca, and the last 10 years that Muslims refer as the Medina period. The Mecca period is full of quotes (ayets) mainly dwell on the rudiments of Islamic faith and beliefs, for example, Faith in angels and Allah, the recognition of holy books, the judgment day, and Allah’s envoys among others. Conversely, the Medina period mainly highlights rituals, norms, ibadet, and legislation (Dermenghem 74-121).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Islam and the Qur’an specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the revelation of the Qur’an, Prophet Mohammad had to memorize everything bestowed upon him by Allah. Th rough teachings, Prophet Mohammed bestowed it upon the followers. The companions used their hearts, wrote down the ayets, and then together with Prophet Mohammad, they counterchecked in order to verify. Since there were no books during those times, stones, animal skins, leaves of palm trees became materials to carry the information. Interestingly, in order to preserve its authenticity, the angel Gabriel led Prophet Mohammad in reciting the Qur’an once in every year, and twice, in the year of his death. Today, a huge number of Muslims are able to recite the Qur’an having learnt it as early as pre-school years (Rahman 7-27). It is imperative to note that the Qur’an continues to inspire the lives of many Muslims. This is simply because it contains quotes (ayets) that talk about life issues and how people should live together in harmony. Additionally, the Qur’an is replete with science starting with geology, embryology to astronomy. Thus, it is the foundation of science knowledge, and very many scientists concur that it has imperative astounding and unfathomable accurate facts that enlightens people not only in the world of science, but also in real life situations. Many people also believe that the things said in the Qur’an are now evident in real life and many things have occurred thus, proving it even further. Additionally, the Qur’an is a source of inspiration to many as it encourages populations to apply their intelligences in order to handle certain situations. For instance, the Qur’an explains what happens during embryogenesis within the early 40 days. Those studying medicine and life sciences notes the in explicate accuracy of this fact. The fascinating stories in the Qur’an also explain the science of oceanography. For instance, the divisions of two seas, the waves, salinity and density of seas, the existence of clouds above the sky, all these explain the creation with authenticity. In fact, besides being a spiritual book, many Muslims consider it a scientific manual as well. The biggest factor however is that the Qur’an is a book full of ayets and quotes that make those interested in it brood over the grandeur of God (Rahman 183-197). Muslims on role of religion Since its revelation, people have come to discover their origin and existence. It covers the creation of man from the first descendant to the present one. Inside, numerous directions guide people on how to live. In other words, it sets out the rules and regulations of life, and those following it live a successful life.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Qur’an also reveals stories of messengers, nations and other events that happened in the past, gives directions about the present, and projects the future. Notably, the Qur’an talks of the Judgment Day, that is, the day when every human being will stand before the Creator to give accounts of his/her life. In general, since its revelation, the Qur’an is like a torch that sheds light upon the history of humanity, continues to be an inspiration to many people, and teaches human values form one generation to another. Perhaps the chief role of religion is to teach the oneness in God. Since its revelations, Muslims have understood nothing other than being equal in the eyes of God irrespective of race, ethnic background, nationality or color. Like the Jewish and Christianity, Muslims view religion as a bond uniting people in God. For instance, the Qur’an is full of teachings on ethics and life, and goes ahead to explain that God manages all affairs through l ife and ethics, which are the foundation of consciousness. The teachings of Islam also prevail upon human beings to be merciful and show humility, charity, endurance, and honesty in all their endeavors. After all, the Qur’an regards human beings not pure and that they have inherent sins that may curtail them from doing what is right. Islam also teaches about faith and beseeches people to use faith in their actions. In fact, the Qur’an teaches that it is those with faith will monitor their deeds and actions no matter how weak they are to fall into the traps of sin. Islam also teaches obedience and this is one of the roles of any religion. Although not a threat, the teachings of Islam teach people to be careful in what they do because they will stand to account each deed on the Judgment Day. The other role of religion is to ensure that human beings are sincere in their daily endeavors, suffice to say that Islam educates people to be on the right side of history without i nfringing the right of their fellow human beings. Through Islam teachings as highlighted in the ayets and quotes, human beings can lead a life devoid of selfish motives, greed, immorality and many vices that are more negative (Sohail and Miller 180-200). Just like Jewish and Christianity, Islam roots for a better life. In other words, the Qur’an teaches that it is only in Allah that human beings obtain true happiness, conscious and satisfaction. Additionally, Islam also teaches on freedom of human beings and that each person is free to do the things they like as long as they do not infringe the rights of others. When people are free, it means they can make rational decisions according to their desires. The ideological aspect of human beings is evident when human beings feel free to what they love most without any form of inhibition. A pure balanced religion serves the right of giving human beings the avenues they should take in life and distinct rationale about choices they m ake. Islam leads in this through proportionate and realistic teachings that not only offer spiritual nourishment and placate, but also direction and morality. Consequently, many Muslims lead a life free of worries and one that is rich in self-discipline and self-control. These are necessary elements to prayer and fasting and play significant roles in discouraging tribal, cultural and nationalized prejudices. Thus, there is no doubt that Islam plays an imperative religious role that not only makes people to be conscious of their God, but also lead people into the realization of human dignity. Muslim and military affairs The Islamic military jurisprudence has not gone well down with many people who associate the religion with terror attacks. From Al-Qaeda in the Middle East to Al-shabaab in Somalia, many people especially non-Muslims associate Islam with terror activities. The Islamic scholars believe that Sharia (Islamic law) was among the things that Allah revealed to Prophet Mohamm ad. In fact, the historical context of Sharia law dates back to the time of establishment of the Medina. Serious interpretations from the Qur’an and the reconciliations from the recitations of Prophet Muhammad arrived at two paramount issues: the justness of war, and secondly, embargo to jihad. Following the tyrannical practices that had occurred to the Muslims as orchestrated by the Meccan Quraish, the interpreters of the teachings resorted to jihad as a military dimension of protecting the Muslims. Jihad became a course of action form the Creator to guard the Muslim community. Since then individual or groups of Muslim fellows have resorted into injunctions aimed at protecting their interests. However, critics have since accused the Muslim community of war injunctions, especially terrorism activities. Not once, the duel to curtail terrorism has led to catastrophic episodes. Nuclear proliferation and militarization have become a common concern of many nations. The western cou ntries do not seem to agree anymore with many countries dominated and ruled by Islamic law. This has resulted into misunderstandings and invitation of sanctions related to trade, standardization of the military, and other embargos (Ali and Rehman 321-343). Territorial expansion of Islam Following the revelation of the Qur’an, Islamic civilization has spread to virtually every corner of the world. We are looking back one century after the death of Prophet Mohammad and you will find Muslims in Spain and other western countries. A series of empires based their rule on Islamic law and thus promoting Islamic culture that spread so fast. There is no doubt that the military struggles and injunctions during the First and Second World Wars led t the territorial expansion of Islam siring new cultures and other notable political and scientific leaders. In conclusion, the Qur’an was important in unleashing reasonably elevated levels of literacy to the common population (Montgomery 215-231). Works Cited Ali, Shaheen and Rehman, Javaid. â€Å"The Concept of Jihad in Islamic International Law†. Journal of Conflict Security Law. 10(3), 2005, pp. 321–343. Print. Dermenghem, Emile. (1958). Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) and the Islamic  tradition. New York: Harper Brothers, 1958. Print. Montgomery, Watt. â€Å"KhÄ rijite thought in the Umayyad Period†. Der Islam. 36(3), 1960, pp. 215–231. Print. Rahman, Fazlur. Major Themes of the Qur’an. (Second ed.). Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 2009. Print. Sohail, Hashmi and Miller, David. Boundaries and Justice: diverse ethical perspectives. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2001. Print. The Qur’an. Trans. M. A. S. Abdel Haleem. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Print. This essay on Islam and the Qur’an was written and submitted by user Jaylene Douglas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ethics and Research in Professional Contexts The WritePass Journal

Ethics and Research in Professional Contexts Introduction Ethics and Research in Professional Contexts ). Therefore, in the case of Mrs K, it can be argued that as a free agent, she should have the final say in her actions and decisions that includes her pregnancy. If she chooses to end her unwanted pregnancy for her own reasons, then she has the right (and the free will) to do so. This reasoning is in fact, reflected in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Act (1948) article 1, ‘all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights’ (Williams, 1981) that establishes human rights as inherent to every human being. However, it must be noted that this article may also be used as an argument against an abortion if a foetus is considered to be a human being, and therefore having its own individual right to life. Many anti-abortion supporters (i.e. pro-life) do indeed support this argument and highlight that an unborn child is an innocent human being and abortion is therefore wrong.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, pro-choice supporters have retorted this position by upholding the concept of â€Å"personhood†. In other words, supporters argue that a foetus does not meet the criteria of personhood and therefore does not have a right to life. This position is echoed in philosophy by Mary Ann Warren who outlines a set of criteria for personhood that include: 1) consciousness of objects and events external and internal, 2) reasoning, 3) self-motivated activity, 4) a capacity to communicate, 5) the presence of a self-concept (Warren, 1996). By these criteria, it is clear that foetuses, although they have t he ability to eventually meet these criteria, would not have a right to life until they are born. Similarly, Peter Singer posits that only a moral agent is capable of having their rights violated, and as the foetus is not a moral agent, it cannot have its rights violated (Singer, 1995). In other words, as a foetus cannot make moral judgements of what is right or wrong, it does not have the same rights as human beings. Although both Warren and Singer propose controversial ideas, the arguments of personhood and moral agency adds further justification to Mrs K’s decision to have an abortion. Mr K In the case study, whilst Mrs K has decided to have an abortion, her husband is against it. From his perspective, he has always wanted a large family and therefore, feels very strongly against an abortion. Given his views, Mrs K’s decision to have an abortion could lead to considerable anger and resentment in her husband which could manifest in marital discord and eventually divorce, all of which would be extremely harmful for their children. Returning to the hedonic calculus, it is therefore important to take into account these potential consequences as they may outweigh the reasons for having an abortion in terms of the happiness of Mrs K and her children. However, at the same time, if Mrs K chose not to have an abortion because of her husband’s views, this could lead to considerable anger and resentment in her and increase her depression and anxiety, which could all negatively impact her children’s welfare. The decision is therefore not clear-cut.   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A second reason that Mr K does not agree with the abortion is because of his own religious views. He believes that human pregnancy happens for a divine reason and that man and woman both create a baby and therefore should have an equal say in what happens to that baby. From the Roman Catholic view, the wrongness of abortion is rooted in the Natural Law view that innocent life (i.e. from conception) must be preserved (Hunanae Vitae, 1965). However, it must be noted that in 1993, the Church of England produced â€Å"Abortion and the Church†. In this document, abortion is described as a great moral evil but can be allowed in circumstances in which the foetus endangers the life of the mother or if there is severe foetal disability. Whilst having a baby does not physically endanger Mrs K’s li fe, it can be argued that it endangers her mental life given her depression and anxiety, thereby, justifying an abortion. Moreover, it is important to note that legally, Mr K has no right to demand or refuse a termination under the Abortion Act (1967) Human Rights Act (1998) that place the entire responsibility to the woman. Doctor Health care professionals have a number of responsibilities such as a duty of care to provide women with all the information they need in order to make an informed choice about how to cope with their unplanned pregnancy. The doctor in this case study had the responsibility of making an assessment. Specifically, the doctor must assess the potential impact of pregnancy and birth on Mrs K’s physical and mental health. In fact, the Abortion Act 1967, as amended by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 (House of Commons, 2006), clearly says that a registered medical practitioner has the power to lawfully terminate a pregnancy. However, it is difficult to apply blanket rules when dealing with considerably sensitive and difficult decisions, which require a deeper understanding of a woman’s individual needs and desires. Given the difficulties shrouding a pregnancy termination, doctors play an important role in ensuring that a patient always feels supported. Doctors ar e also responsible for giving appropriate information and counselling about all the options available to patients (BMA, accessed 10/01/13).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this case study, Mrs K strongly felt that having an abortion would be the best decision and her doctor should therefore be able to respect her decision. Her doctor should act as a guide and act in the best interest of Mrs K (Pfeffer, 2002). The 1967 Abortion Act also refers to a doctor’s â€Å"rights to follow the dictates of their own conscience† (Pfeffer, 2002). The Doctor therefore, obviously considered Mrs K’s depression and mental capacity and found it suitable to refer her to a clinic. The doctor also was able to see that Mrs K was mentally fit to understand th e procedure and its alternatives (BMA, accessed 10/01/13). Conclusion There is no doubt that abortion is a controversial and hotly debated topic in a variety of academic and professional spheres, and different viewpoints are infused with biological, moral and societal complexity. It is clear that there are numerous positions that people can adopt such as a Utilitarian point of view, a religious perspective, or a personal view when seeing an action as moral or immoral. In this particular case study, given Mrs K’s depression, her current family situation and her strong wishes to have an abortion, I believe that her decision is the right one. As a woman, Mrs K has a right to make her own choices and lead her own life in equality with, not under the control of her husband. Moreover, the fact that Mrs K has become pregnant as a result of a contraceptive failure strengthens her decision, as her pregnancy did not come about from carelessness, but from forces outside of Mrs K’s control.   References Bentham, J. (1789). An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. London. Beachamp, T. L., Childress, J. F. (2001). Principles of Biomedical Ethics (5th Edition). Oxford University Press. British Medical Association, The law and ethics of abortion. Accessed 10/01/13 from: www.bma.org.uk/-/media/Files/PDFs//Ethics/lawethicsabortionnov07.pdf Caruso, G. D. (2012). Free Will and Consciousness: A Determinist Account of the Illusion of Free Will. Lexington Books. Fieser, J. (2009). Ethics. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Accessed 10/01/13 from iep.utm.edu/ethics/ House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee. Scientific Developments Relating to the Abortion Act 1967. (Volume 1). Accessed 10/01/13 from: publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmselect/cmsctech/1045/1045i.pdf Humanae Vitae: Encyclical Letter of His Holiness Pope Paul VI, on the regulation of Births (1965). Pfeffer, N. (2002) Fertility counts: from equity to outcome in S. Sturdy (ed.), Medicine, Health and the public sphere in Britain, 1600-2000 (pp. 260-278). Routledge. Singer, P. (1995). Animal Liberation (2nd Edition). Pimlico. Tschudin, V. (1994). Deciding Ethically: A Practical Approach to Nursing Challenges. London: Bailliere Tindall. Warren, M. A. â€Å"On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion in T.A. Mappes and D. DeGrazia, (Eds.), Biomedical Ethics (1996), New York, McGraw-Hill, Inc, pp.  434-440. Williams, P. (1981). United Nations. General Assembly. The International bill of human rights. Entwhistle Books.

Accounting is math essays

Accounting is math essays I believe that both math and accounting knowledge is strictly necessary in our everyday lives. The knowledge we gain by taking these courses gives us the sense of understanding over the financial transactions we make in our life. We use math and accounting in a variety of situations. These include transactions we make by money and credit cards. Also, we use math and accounting to analyze situations when we drive, talk, and play. Comparing these two courses, we see a lot of similarities. Accounting is the formal way of doing math. We do math to calculate transactions that deal with numbers. Accounting is the way we analyze and set up those numbers so that we can see a balance between transactions. Using basic mathematical procedures, adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing lets us set the accounting principles. So in life, math is needed to balance budgets in accounting. When we look at a credit card statement, we see group of numbers that are added, divided, subtracted and multiplied. So, math is used to calculate our payment needed and accounting is used to balance our due or statement. By using math, the products or services we charge are added together to calculate the money we owe. Then by using accounting, the payment we make is analyzed and entered to their accounting statements, therefore they could analyze our situation at that time. Another instance that we use math and accounting is shopping. When we purchase products such as bread, yogurt, and onions at a supermarket, we get a receipt that summarizes what we buy and what we pay. The receipt is organized to do math by adding the prices of the products. Again math is used to calculate money entered into the cash register. And at the end of the cycle, the overall calculations made by the cash register is compared with the cash in hand by accounting principles. So this way, we analyze if the transactions we made are righ ...

Immigration Policy Reforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Immigration Policy Reforms - Essay Example (Bush, et al, ix) Statement of your position Immigration is a deep â€Å"human issue† as it is concerned with the lives of large number of families and individuals. Immigration deals with the question of American citizenship and helps in shaping up the image of the American nation in the eyes of the world. (Bush, et al, ix) Policy reforms should act as support base for immigrants who come to America to see better opportunities that were lacking in their home countries. My approach to the paper In this paper immigration policy reforms are critically analyzed after seeing through the lens of the American Enlightenment. The point that I have stressed in this paper is that only through legalization of the status of the immigrants can they prove to be beneficial to the country policy reforms should look out for solution by combining the perspective of both federalists and anti-federalists. Immigration in US during the era of Enlightenment The problem of immigration was also a matte r of concern for the Enlightenment leaders like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. The land of America was increasing becoming a â€Å"dumping ground for the European undesirables†. They were concerned with growing number of German immigrants in the eighteenth century. The Germans came from a completely different social background than those of the Americans, and the increasing number of German population within the borders of America were proving to be incompatible with the republican democracy (Zolberg). Comparative and Analysis Social contract (representative governance) In the global arena, America is recognised as the â€Å"nation of immigrants†. This makes it easier for people from all over the world to enter the borders of America. It is a challenge for the policymakers to distinguish â€Å"illusory immigration problems from real problems.† There has been a tendency to neglect the issue of immigration. This â€Å"policy of benign neglect† is n o longer viable in current times. During the last decade, there have been a number of efforts to reform the immigration policies. There has been improvement in the security of the borders. The statuses of people who seek employment are being verified by the employers. The focus of every immigration policy should be on both border security and migrant workers. Ignoring any one of them cannot make any policy successful (â€Å"The Real Problem with Immigration...and the Real Solution†). During the civil war in the nineteenth century, immigration was specifically encouraged in America. From 1882 onwards, the immigration policies started to focus on restricting the flow of immigrants. This was done to protect the nation from undesirable people from foreign countries. People with contagious diseases like tuberculosis were not allowed to enter the nation to protect the health policies. People with immoral characters and polygamists were also restricted (Williamson 184). Classical Li beralism (natural rights) Classical liberalism defines specific activities for the government. The role of the government should be to protect the rights of individuals with relation to property, religion, freedom of speech and press. There should also be the system of â€Å"free markets† to ensure a smooth economic life (Hudelson 37). The continuous flow of immigrants into America can threaten the practice of classical liberalism. The major concern is that the various cultural and economic backgrounds of the